Glossary

Key terms in A-Z order. `(Ch N)` marks the chapter where the term is introduced or discussed in depth.

C

Cross-embodiment gap: Transfer gap arising from kinematic, visual, and tactile differences across agents (e.g., human vs. robot, or robot vs. robot). (Ch2, Ch4)

V

VLA (Vision-Language-Action): Unified model that directly outputs robot actions from vision and language input. (Ch1, Ch3)